Teacher Talk: Social Anxiety & Titrating Conflict

As a teacher with sometimes crippling social anxiety, I rehearse a demeanor that blends Late Show with Stephen Colbert and Mister Rogers. We have values and standards that make us members of this classroom, and we will show kindness to help people access it within their understanding. Most of my approaches to teaching derive from my pre-teaching experience in legislative drafting, neuroscience, and human evolutionary biology. A lot of my off-the-cuff responses were workshopped in the improv class inside my head. Sometimes I think improv should be required for training, even for teachers like me who dread that kind of seemingly disingenuous performative distancing. As shy as I am, even a few improv sessions trained my brain for public performance more quickly and effectively than anything else. I quickly realized the awkward struggle is the expected end product. That brings me to teaching.

Razy Lacism & Collective Action Problems

Before teaching, my mentees were usually law school or college students and I usually wasn’t their immediate boss. When I began to teach high school science, my students and I struggled to match up high school with the various workforce expectations I had departed. Was the struggle a notification of my own ability or understanding of either context? My student teaching program went through laborious lengths to passive aggressively imply (sans details) we lacked the desired total control over the classroom, and students had no idea what decorous, proper academic behavior was, or what the point of education was. 

This was directly at odds not only with my own experiences as a student, but also smacked of the lazy racism I had encountered in my own teachers. Many of my labeled “disruptive” students could articulate what was wrong in a classroom or school, and frequently expressed frustration at the waste of time in their own education. (Teachers usually snarked in response that they complete more work or perform better on grades or listen when the teacher gave instructions. Everybody has good and bad days, including students.) These “problem defectors” from the “self-described learner” model also expressed that adults had betrayed every attempt they’d made at contributing to a community culture, because they failed to remove and directly intervene with bad actors based on assumptions about those students’ abilities. Why should they take that risk again and again when the adults weren’t doing their jobs?

I have never heard another adult describe or report this view from a child. Only some adults have the freedom to leave a toxic workplace. Logic tracks that few students have the freedom to leave a toxic school. How do we expect adults to act or even self-advocate in that environment? How is that different from how we expect students to respond?

The teacher adjusts a concept’s framing for the world to meet a student’s level of challenge, then provides the menu of tools for a student to try, feel confident in, and apply to outside the classroom.

Eventually I realized that the curriculum, group work, and tasks rarely connected to genuine interpersonal working practices or content. I had assumed a teacher was a coach who titrates the level of cognitive load and mediates between the policy expectations of the real world and the collective resources of the student’s reality. I didn’t realize there was no narration linking the two, and further realized I’d never learned it in school myself, having been the one to walk off with the bathroom pass for two periods. I apologize to all the security guards who have chased me down halls and over bathroom stalls.

But no matter how many hours we spend on the seating chart, and no matter how many kids come to us from an overflowing Wellness Center, we teachers are still not trained or certified as clinical therapists or social engineers. We evaluate a student’s resources and find ways to bridge and complicate concepts. The learning process is inherently full of conflict between an old and new reality. 

Many new teachers worry about classroom management and how it interacts with the school culture. Sometimes in the chaos, we mislabel all conflict as bad, when it’s only the conflicts we haven’t designed or anticipated that require further consideration. 

I don’t know what’s out there that trains people in this. Maybe I haven’t found it yet. But I’m going to keep thinking and trying.

Teacher Talk: What I learned student-teaching all-ELL, all-newcomer, English-only biology

When I came to the US in 1990, the sooner I could assimilate as an “American,” the sooner the daily bullying from peers and teachers would stop. My dad even gave me a book of American idioms to memorize. Thirty years later, Japan hasn’t replaced the US as the world power, the Y2K bug didn’t end the world, and globalization has changed every dimension of conversation and life. 

As a student teacher at an all-newcomer, all-ELL, English-only school, I learned from amazing teachers who balanced rigor, equity, and challenge. Some of our students had never held a pencil, or arrived fresh from witnessing violence against a family member, or were unprepared for the level of trauma in peers of the same ethnicity but different socioeconomic backgrounds. Their backpacks carried the complicated prejudices of the places they had left. 

We wrote demanding, scaffolded science curriculum every day, and often created 2 levels of differentiation based on fluency or confidence. I found myself looking for phrasebooks of obscure indigenous languages to enrich our collective learning experience and make students feel less isolated. I think the last time I learned so much so quickly was in law school.

Two things I will always remember from my newcomer ELL kids:

  1. “Teach us the advanced vocabulary from the start, not the “baby ELL” vocabulary. It’s all new to us anyway, so what’s the difference?”

    1. Scientists tend to be data-driven. In an international research community, labels are merely useful models for describing an aspect of an idea. English is often required for science journals, but rarely will you have a team where everyone’s first (and only) language is American English.

    2. You don’t need English to understand how the world works. You learn the English to express your understanding.

    3. Monolinguists often assume someone’s English fluency reflects their intelligence. Anyone who speaks or has learned more than one language understands the difference between understanding and explaining a concept or process, and the language you use to describe it.

  2. “It is sad and scary that Trump got elected, but it’s not that different back home.”

    1. There were a lot of tears and shouting in San Francisco after the election of 2016. Students who found other forms of expression inadequate took to the streets, calling on others to join and rally their dispirited confidence for the days ahead.

    2. Everything is the new normal for a child. As teachers, sometimes we can barely even advocate for our most vulnerable students, let alone ourselves, within a Kafka-esque educational system. I had a chaotic childhood, and I didn’t want to be another adult who had disappointed them, so I only promised my students things I had control over.

      1. I don’t need to like them or “be nice” to love or support them.

      2. When I am here, it is to be with them, to do the work of learning together.

      3. I would miss them when they’re gone.

      4. We catch each other in the safety of the classroom, because we’re in the same boat.

Those two quotes remind me regularly that all I have control over is how I convey my intentions to the students. Students brush up against limitations all the time, but the scope of their experiences defines what they can label as an outcome, or progress, or challenging help. Sometimes their teacher is one of many voices, and sometimes their teacher is the only voice that makes sense as the lens for the world. 

I did my best to offer them as many perspectives of the world as I could, so they could decide for themselves what they wanted it to look like long after I am gone. I labeled what I thought was a good challenge and gave them time and resources to choose from. So many of my students had seen poorly-resourced versions of trendy teaching innovations that some were allergic to the idea of “restorative justice,” which they understood as “saying what the white lady wants to hear so she feels like a better teacher,” as opposed to a way for feelings to be heard and shared. It felt familiar to my own K-12 experiences wishing the teacher would stop messing with my day. 

My mentor introduced the French cadre system of free creation within firm boundaries, as well as the competency-community-choice (pick 2) triangle of classroom satisfaction. I shared this philosophy with my students, described the system architecture of choices in each lesson, and afterwards, found classroom management to be much easier afterwards. Once students were able to identify a shared state of feeling safe (not determined by a huge list of difficult-to-remember “norms” the teacher was willing to write on the board), they could notify each other of those interruptions, and then agree on the challenge they wanted in the activity. 

Because of the nature of my promises, they could evaluate and decide that if I was there that day, I was going to stay. They could trust their own interpretation of their classroom reality using the tools and ideas I showed but not prescribed. Anyone not on their game today could be on their game tomorrow. What’s weak today is strong tomorrow, and only by risking our vulnerability can we get to that rewarding place where happiness becomes not only easy to trust, but feels true. 

I have so much more to learn still, and this personal reflection violates my own editorial rules about careful citation, but I wanted to challenge myself by writing about a detailed personal experience rather than yet another buzzword-y pedantic article about pedagogy. In trying to train my students to trust themselves and their own toolkit, I’m also trusting my own experiences more, and recognizing that I’m always going to be “on the way” but never there.

5wk Unit: Epidemiology

Class: Physiology Level: HS, mixed, no previous science experience

It’s not perfect, but in light of current global events, I thought even the agendas might help others with planning. It ends with cholera and ebola.

Week 1: Viruses & Bacteria

Agenda

  • 1A - Doctor-patient time graphs (from med school classes; discuss scientific evidence-inference nature of diagnosis & differential diagnoses)

  • 1B - What’s Wrong With Allison? (group activity I found online; I taped questions onto envelopes and put answers inside for Ss to arrange & select)

    • get 3 differential diagnoses for 5 questions selected from 20; simulates data-gathering at a medical appt

  • C - Virus v. Bacteria

    • Flu Attack! (video & discussion)

    • Graph Analysis compare/contrast virus & bacterial growth

    • Design triage system to help identify illnesses based on information so far

  • D - Types of Pathogen Growth

    • Model Virus vs. Bacteria (build)

    • Compare/Contrast lysogenic v. lytic (video & reading)

  • E - Lymphatic System & Responses

    • Lecture Notes: Lymphatic System

    • CER about lymphatic system

    • posters about diseases connected to lymphatic system response

  • F - revise triage system based on type of growth

    • Predict lysogenic v. lytic growth

    • Revise triage system using new information

 

Week 2: Spreading the Disease

Agenda

  • 2A Do Now: Costs of anti-vaxxing

  • B: Identifying symptoms of bacteria, viruses, and how they spread

    • Activity: Simulating epidemiology & rate of spread

    • Video Notes: Bacteria

    • Video Notes: Strep Throat & Cavities

    • Video Notes: Viruses

  • C: Connect epidemiological triangle to lysogenic/lytic growth

    • Do Now: Epidemiological Triangle

    • Graph & explain data for spread of disease in terms of bacteria v. virus/lysogenic vs. lytic

    • Read & Answer to review: Epidemiological triangle

  • D: Historical epidemics & diseases

    • Lecture notes: Spread of different diseases through time

  • 2E Posters: historical epidemics & responses (pandemic, Spanish flu, measles, dengue fever, smallpox, polio, etc.)

  • 2F Exit Ticket: Challenges for predicting growth, spread, rate, intensity of disease

 

Week 3. Case Study: Cholera

Agenda

  • 3A Osmosis Review

  • 3B-C Case Study: Surviving a Cholera Epidemic (adapted Shannon Muskopf)

    • When is it appropriate to force a cure on a population?

    • Rubric for Final Essay: Diagnosing Cholera

    • Gallery Walk: Symptoms, treatment, socio-cultural response, etc.

  • 3C Graph & statistics for cholera → apply epidemiological analysis & treatment, viral, bacterial, etc.

    • Video analysis & discussion: Red Cross video explaining cholera, discuss what works & doesn’t

  • 3D: PSA: create an updated cholera video for San Francisco about cholera

  • 3F: Exit Ticket:

    • 1. Is cholera viral or bacterial? How do you know?

    • 2. When do the symptoms of cholera become life-threatening?

    • 3. What treatments are available for cholera and why do they work?

  • 3F: Debate (WHO): cholera outbreak

 

Week 4-5. Case Study & Final Showcase: Ebola

Agenda

  • A: Triaging spread

    • Based on population, statistics, questions about potential spread

    • NME? Of ebola & necessity of triage

    • Review epidemiology triangle

  • B: The Hot Zone of Ebola

    • Jigsaw: video from red cross

    • Reading: hot zone

    • Lecture: epidemiology, etiology, costs and responses

  • C: Why is Ebola difficult to treat?

    • Evaluate what main threatening problems of ebola are

    • What treatments are available

    • Why is ebola difficult to treat?

    • Each group reports on one type of treatment or response

  • D: How do we respond to ebola?

    • Videos for differential responses from the ground, news reports, interviews, etc. (whatever latest youtube videos are concerning the crisis)

    • Video: Burial Boys

    • Video: Sierra Leone response to ebola

    • Jigsaw: Ebola 101 - In the News

    • Evaluate & analyze why response is different in different countries

    • Multilingual ebola symptom posters

  • E : Ebola in the US? Epidemiology in the US?

    • compare responses between ebola & vaccination crisis in the US

    • What would happen in the US for ebola?

    • Misinformation: autism-vaccines hoax vs. ebola vectors

    • 4E Do Now Reading Headline: Dr. Anthony Fauci: Risks From Vaccines Are “Almost Nonmeasurable”

  • F: Differential responses in different parts of Africa due to socioeconomic & infrastructure factors

    • Firebombing, Medicins sans frontieres

    • why/why not intervene?

    • Legal &* financial questions

  • SUMMATIVE: design a plan for the US in case of Ebola

Week 5 Agenda

  • 5A Do now: ppe costs

    • Intro: Ebola design project

    • What are examples of ppe at which level

    • Videos and movie examples of ppe

    • What’s the same

    • What’s different

  • prewriting

  • Portray one person or organization affected by ebola in an art project

    • Showcase expression and connect science to human responses

    • Must be able to identify disease, symptoms, responses, personal reactions, and the future

    • Share and educate about different parties affected

    • Present & evaluate artistic project

Reflection: Individual Professional Responsibilities vs. Institutional Standards

A teacher wrote: “What is your logic in teaching high school biotech when this is not a direct standard or DCI. My department and I agree this is important. I feel this is a touchy "line."“

My response was off-the-cuff:

 If you and your dept think it's important, you can probably trust yourself to have the background to make a case for any NGSS std you want. Are you seeking matching phenomena/concepts or NGSS performance expectations? You could also try looking at HHMI for what NGSS standards they connect to their biotech topics.

Genuine curiosity question: What's the line here? What are you concerned about?

Personal view: I prefer to cover as many topics our students will encounter in *their* future, as difficult as it is to predict, through the lens of inferring from evidence & evaluating models (a main NGSS focus). The NGSS stds are basic guidelines, not the sum total of an HS science education. Whatever the science curriculum will be one day, Ss will be making the decisions about our world, regardless of whether we cover these technologies or not. Biotech is the future.

Standards: Most of these are covered in "HS. Inheritance and Variation of Traits" (LS1-4,LS3-1, LS3-2, LS3-3) and "HS. Natural Selection and Evolution" (LS4-1 thru 5) but it's great to use feedback loops from "Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems" to talk about how these will aggregate in future population dynamics. Fun summative. Is this helpful?

Examples: For 9th grade heterogeneous Biology, I use these to discuss the increasing self-domestication of humans, adaptive eusociality and how classroom groupwork simulates cooperative strategies, biodiversity and the newest models for speciation, everything and anything about genetic diversity (including all possible human sex chromosome combinations, polymorphic traits, skin color, etc.).

DBQ: use of neurological scans in criminal sentencing hearings

Task:

  1. Randomly assign students 1 of 4 neurological scans (PET, EEG/MEG, fMRI, CT).

  2. Using docs & science notebook, students follow question prompts to evaluate their neurological scan for use in criminal sentencing hearings and the use of scans generally.

 

Basics

Document-Based Question: Use of Neurological Scans in Criminal Sentencing Hearings

Use: summative assessment for nervous system

Class: HS elective Physiology (11/12)

Resources & Scaffolds: open notebook, student worksheets from activities, annotated source documents labeled w/ specific relevant questions

Student examples: DM me if you're a teacher and would like to see ~70 student responses from a heterogeneous urban public high school.

 

Description

Introduction

Nervous about posting this because I worry I’m overstepping, but I want to build something better, so I’m sharing a final exam essay my physiology students said they enjoyed taking because they felt like they’d learned a new aspect of applying what they’d learned, and because it affected something ongoing in their lives and in the lives of their peers. This is my clumsy attempt at a summative assessment that asks they apply our investigations into the nervous system and cognitive neuroscience to a real question about US criminal sentencing outcomes.

Background & motivation

I based it on a MacArthur conference I attended w/ neuroscientists & jurists. Some of my Ss have been in detention or have relatives who are incarcerated, and stated they appreciated applying and learning about this element of how we use science & what we need to bridge the gaps. Credit to Francis X. Shen whose work inspired me to create this prompt.

Before you begin

Please carefully frame the realities of the social justice implications, invite Ss to Wellness to decompress, & check in advance for triggers. I blanked-out nonrelevant portions but provide the entire annotated pdfs here for any teacher who needs background.

Disclaimer

I was in science and law before entering teaching, and my nervous system unit frequently integrates modern neuroscience research/fads with student metacognition, so your results may vary. You’ll notice the final mentions influential cognition experiments and also expects students to have reviewed and evaluated the discussed neurological scans already in a previous lesson.

PART ONE OF TWO. Prompt:

How should we use <randomly assigned neurological scan> in US criminal hearings?


PART TWO OF TWO. Readings:

  1. Reading A: Jones & Shen. 2012. INTERNATIONAL NEUROLAW: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, p. 349, T.M. Spranger, ed., Springer-Verlag, 2012 Vanderbilt Public Law Research Paper No. 1-5.

  2. Reading B: Jones et al. 2013. LAW AND NEUROSCIENCE. The Journal of Neuroscience, November 6, 2013, 33(45):17624-17630. DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3254-13.2013

  3. Reading C: Mclatchie et al. ‘IMAGINED GUILT’ VERSUS ‘RECOLLECTED GUILT’: IMPLICATIONS FOR FMRI.

  4. Reading D: Jones et al. 2009. BRAIN IMAGING FOR LEGAL THINKERS: A GUIDE FOR THE PERPLEXED. 2009 STAN.TECH.L.REV.5. SSRN ID: 1563612. Available at http://stlr.stanford.edu/pdf/jones-brain-imaging.pdf

  5. Summary sheets for Ss missing papers: Reviews neurological scans, limitations, etc. Various sources.

Teacher Talk: 11 Frequent Phrases

Every year a few of my students start a notebook full of interesting, weird, or funny things I say. Here are some phrases I find myself repeating in class, both to myself, and my students. If they are similar phrases, they’re lumped into the same bullet point. You can probably imagine the behavior or talk they respond to.

I don’t know if these are the best things to say, but I mostly get into epistemological arguments with my students (9-12), so they’re all things that have worked for me more than once.

At the end of the post, I include a few favorites from students, but I haven’t understood their explanation for why they like these yet. (Students & colleagues, feel free to correct.)

11 Frequent Phrases

  1. All models are wrong. Some models are useful.

  2. I’m going to start making weird noises until you get back to your seats. BRAWPP!

  3. Did you mean to say that? Let’s try again without the word. Rewind! [makes tape rewinding sound] Try a different way of saying it. What did we really mean to say, what were you trying to get? Let’s not use that word which might get us fired, and say what we mean instead. Helping or hurting? Uh, rude. Wow, excuse me. What the what now?

  4. How long do you want to feel this way? You sound upset. You sound like you’re not having a good time. I would not want to feel what you sound like you’re feeling. [repeat what student says, slowly, calmly, to check accuracy]

  5. Are you getting what you came for?

  6. Slow down. Breathe. Time out! Pause. Hold up. We have time for this. Can you help the rest of us out with some of that energy? Okay, carry us please, you look way more active than I feel, haha.

  7. If you’re the first scientist on the planet looking at something nobody’s ever seen before, is anyone gonna tell you if you’re right or not, or are you gonna have to figure it out for yourself?

  8. You’re in California, learn some Spanglish. I was made in China. Talking to a Spanish/Chinese/Arabic-speaking scientist, you’d say <term>. Why stop at just one language?

  9. Oh so I can’t change my mind? Some of us wanted to be dinosaurs when we’re five and some of us still want to be dinosaurs but I’m not going to feed you a live goat tomorrow.

  10. Lemme make sure I’m the most embarrassing one in the room first so we can get started.

8 Student favorites (excerpt)

  1. “No cannibalism.”

  2. “Make some human/alien/animal noises please so I know you’re alive.”

  3. “We’re all skin bags!”

  4. “Deep breaths. Strength in, bullshit out.”

  5. “You humans often <something scientific>.”

  6. “Wait, what century is this?”

  7. “And then we’ll have Sex in the spring, more feedback loops, maybe do Drugs if we have time…”

  8. “Are you okay?”

PD: Designing to Teach — Optimizing Presentation Slides and Handouts for Accessibility

Goal: make better slides and handouts for UDL and readability without distracting from the content

Co-presenters: Raymond Chan, Katelyn Phan, Matt Shih, River Suh

Presented at: Stanford Graduate School of Education STEP Conference 2017

Comments: I would change so many things about this 20-minute workshop, and in fact disagree with several of its points now, but I’d also add more bite-size experiential examples and making clearer take-home handouts. Maybe I’ll create a revision soon!

Download Printed Materials

Grading: Peer Presentation Feedback Form

My students stated the following advantages:

  • useful: writing out details means it’s directly connected to what’s in the presentation, not just BS

  • graded on completion-only: the point is to help the presenter, so making it a letter grade is stressful & might affect grading

  • faster: don’t have to waste time pondering a number grade, just say what you noticed

  • less biased: can’t grade based on relationships or friendships

  • relevant: simulates giving detailed feedback to coworkers

  • anonymously returned to student so you can be honest

Feel free to edit, copy, print, and share!

Database: "Evolution's Rainbow: Diversity, Gender, & Sexuality in Nature & People"

I support teaching scientific discovery as a continuous process of testing and revising our models for explaining natural phenomenon. Every challenge to our existing knowledge offers an exciting learning opportunity for better understanding our world. Here is a brief inventory of examples from Stanford biologist Joan Roughgarden’s Evolution’s Rainbow: Diversity, Gender, and Sexuality in Nature and People from University of California Press, 2013 ed.

I am grateful for the privilege to openly discuss these many examples of the myriad spectrum of sexuality, polymorphisms, and gendered behavior in living things. (For anyone who has had their identity silenced or erased, what is “natural” is far more “queer” than anyone can imagine.)

My inventory of more than 200 species uses Roughgarden’s terminology, but all typos and misunderstandings are my own; please comment with corrections. I’ll continue cleaning up the formatting.

Grading: Differentiating Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)

How do I write comments/cartoons for 35+ students yet record grades on time? My coach and I triaged work (usually CERs) into 3 stacks based on approaching, meeting, and exceeding the NGSS performance expectation.

Here’s a guiding document translating the biology NGSS performance expectations into those 3 categories. I hope to refine it based on feedback.

Disclaimer: Like all shortcuts, these are very roughly useful but inaccurate models that get me where I want to go, which is more time dedicated to individual comments, less time wasted on deciding/entering numbers.

You will probably disagree with me about these categories; feel free to comment w/ feedback.

HS. Structure and Function HS-LS1-1. DNA Transcription & Translation. Approaches Standard (contains major/critical take-away content/skill) Identify DNA structure is a double helix (2 strands). Connect 2 structures DNA & protein Describe proteins help life happen through specialized cells &...

Music: Teen-friendly songs affirming mental health

These songs come from a show, Steven Universe, that my high school students have expressed to be wholesome and helpful in exploring their identities. I found their message to be very cathartic and incredibly healthy in affirming anyone's journey of self-exploration and recovery from trauma.

I have organized them by theme below. If you give them a listen, I hope you enjoy!

  • Overcoming avoidance & shame by facing the truth with help – True Kinda Love (youtube) (lyrics)

  • Growing up - Independent Together (youtube - spoilers) (lyrics)

  • Permission to be yourself - Be Wherever You Are (youtube) (lyrics)

  • Affirming self-dignity but inviting understanding - Change Your Mind (youtube) (lyrics)

  • Intrusive thoughts, spiraling, & mindfulness - Here Comes A Thought (youtube) (lyrics)

  • Starting over after abuse - Found (youtube - spoilers) (lyrics)

  • Two enemies reconciling over a shared grief - Both of You (youtube) (lyrics)

(P.S. I am of the opinion that this 2-min clip is essential viewing for any nonbinary or lgbt kid right now.)

Lesson (2x): Forensic Entomology

What these files add:

  • abridged (optional) background readings w/ checks for understanding

  • editable Slides w/ enhanced, labeled, enlarged images of important evidence

  • re-orders agenda for more student discussion & asking questions

  • cards for scaffolding asking questions about evidence

  • videos for discussion

  • reflection exit ticket

Task: Using climatological data, forensic insect evidence collected from deceased human, experimental entomology data, and research on blow fly life cycles, estimate the time of death for a homicide victim.

General question: If entomologists study insects, how does their research help us estimate time of death?

Major concepts: Science as inquiry & modeling, evidence & inference, all organisms must be able to obtain and use resources, grow, reproduce, and maintain stable internal conditions, energy as heat.

Real historical events: This uses a real homicide case from 1986 and incorporates scans of the forensic examiner’s notebook, the news articles, letters among investigators, experiments performed by the entomologist, and photographs of the insects collected.


Agendas

I. Blow Fly Life Cycle & Accumulated Degree Hours

1. Introduction

a) Do Now - murder trial

b) Turn & Talk: Sample of ____? collected from body as evidence (good opportunity for realia)

c) Request from State of Connecticut

2. The Life Cycle of a Blow Fly

a) Document: Forensic Examiner’s Report

b) Worksheet: Blow Fly Life Cycle

3. How Weather Affects Blow Fly Life Cycle

a) Document: Preliminary Climatological Report

b) Worksheet: Accumulated Degree Hours & weather data

II. Experimental Design for Time of Death

4. Designing an Entomology Experiment to Solve a Problem

a) Card Sort & Reveal: Asking the Right Questions

optional: Rear flies on raw liver!

b) Document: Entomology Case Experiments

c) Discussion & Worksheet: Entomology Case

5. Videos About Forensic Examination

a) Career: A Day in the Life of a Forensic Pathologist

b) Career: Forensic Examiner without the Mess…Camila the Cryptanalyst

6. Exit Ticket: Reflection on Media Coverage



Setup Decisions: “Asking the Right Questions Activity”

Decision 1:

Option a) Print double-sided.

Option b) Print single-sided and staple on top of each other.

Decision 2:

Option a) Ss flip over all the cards and make a conclusion together.

Option b) Ss flip over a few cards at a time and revise their explanation.

Option c) Ss flip over only X number of cards, chosen by group agreement, and make conclusions based on the answers. Compare class answers.

Sources

  • NIH, Visible Proofs: exhibition of the history of forensic anthropology (answer keys on website & on file by request)

  • William Krinsky, Yale University School of Medicine

  • Henry Lee, Connecticut State Police Forensic Laboratory

Lesson (2x): Energy Flow Through Food Webs

Prior knowledge: types of energy & matter, symbiotic relationships, levels of organization (individual -> ecosystem)

Includes:

  • review practice for terms & concepts

  • role cards & setup instructions

  • kinesthetic activities (card sort, role playing simulation)

  • graphing tasks (prior class data included)

  • discussion using videos to inspire & extend

 

Agenda

1. Do Now

a) flow chart of morning routine (intro) (skip to #2.)

b) photosynthesis from space & food in body (skip to #5.)

I. Matter, Energy, Symbiotic Relationships

2. Terminology Check

a) Symbiotic Relationship Examples

b) Card Sort: Symbiosis

3. Energy

a) Card Sorts: Types of Energy

b) Venn Diagram: Energy vs. Matter

+ optional HW: Reporting Climate Change

4. Discuss & Elaborate on how to obtain energy

a) Video: Coral - Predator? Producer? Both?

b) Video: Farallones Islands & complex relationships

II. Food Web, Trophic Levels, Energy Transfer

5. Activity: Ocean Food Web

a) Game, Graph, Analyze, Discuss

b) Define trophic level roles (HW)

6. Videos for Discussion

a) Why are detritovores important for the food web? (Explain)

b) Kelp Ecosystem (Extend)

c) Coral Reef Symbiosis (Extend)

d) Ecosystems & Ecological Communities (Explain)

e) How does climate change affect biodiversity (Extend)

f) Food Chains vs. Food Webs (Explain)

6. What’s missing in the trophic pyramid?

7. Exit Ticket

a) energy sources & transfer

b) How is the Internet like a food web?

Unit (7wk): Musculo-skeletal - Prosthetics

Courses: Physiology, Anatomy, Engineering

I made & taught this physiology unit on musculoskeletal structure & function, via a sequence of inquiry tasks and engineering design challenges, supplemented by vocabulary, readings, videos, gallery walks, and interviews.

Hope the images, videos, & lab worksheets are useful/save time for folks using them! Lessons 3 & 5 need feedback and have poor slides. Some of it has messy highlighting, but I thought I'd share it now given now is a popular time for this subject to be taught. I will keep updating this post with version changes below. (Please supplement with your own reference docs for anatomical terms.)

Includes Do Nows, Exit Ticket, lab writeups, reading w/ checks for understanding, rubrics, and final project workbook.



1. Overview [Dissect: Chicken Wing]

Agenda

  1. Do Now - proprioception tasks

  2. Unit Overview

    1. Unit-Long Project: 3D Skull Puzzle by Joshua Harker (video tutorial) (simpler alternative)

  3. Dissection: Chicken Wing (backup link in handouts document)

  4. Notes

    1. Basic Terminology

    2. Disorders

  5. Exit Ticket - Parts of the Skull


2-3. Micro - What happens when muscles get tired? [2 labs]


NEEDS FEEDBACK

2. Agenda

  1. Do Now: Energy & Physical Activity

  2. Modeling: In/Output of Body

  3. Lab: What happens when you take oxygen (O2) out of cellular respiration?

  4. Reading: Cellular Respiration

    Alternate Lab if students have prior knowledge of cellular respiration: Skeletal Muscle Fatigue

3. Agenda

  1. Do Now: I/O Cellular Respiration

  2. Lab: What happens when you take carbon dioxide (CO2) out of cellular respiration?

  3. Watch & Discuss: Marathon Runner

  4. CER Letter to Marathon Runner

  5. Exit Ticket: Lactic Acid


4-5. Can you really build stronger bones by drinking milk? [3 labs]

4. Agenda

  1. Do Now - How much calcium do you eat? (Engage)

    1. Science Media Moment: Do you know how much calcium is in your diet?

  2. Video: Introduction to Bone Biology (Explore)

    1. Turn & Talk: What is bone made of?

  3. Lab: What is bone made of? (Explore)

  4. Reading: Bone Growth (Explain)

  5. Lab: What makes tough bones? (Explore)

  6. Video: Osteoclasts & Osteoblasts (Explain)

  7. Evidence Match: Bone Lab Explanations (Evaluate)

  8. Exit Ticket 

5. Agenda

  1. Do Now - Predict Repair & Breakage

  2. Pre-lab Videos (Engage)

    1. Bone Modeling & Remodeling

    2. Bone Broth

    3. Collagen Pills

  3. Lab: What makes tough bones? (Explore)

  4. Reading: Osteoporosis (Explain)

  5. Card Sort: Phases of Healing (Explore)

    Updated: Long Bone Strength Lab

  6. Video & Talk: Truss construction vs. Spongy bone (Elaborate)

  7. Exit Ticket - Challenges in Bioengineering Materials (Evaluate)


6-9. Macro - Fractures & Interventions [2 labs, 1 engineering challenge, 2 assessments]

6-7. Agenda

  1. Do Now -  Interview a Peer About A Broken Bone or Dislocation (Engage)

  2. Video: A Painful Point Break (Explore)

  3. Lab: Fracture (Explore)

  4. Slideshow: Types of Bone Fractures, Healing, & Interventions (Explain)

  5. 2 Exit Tickets - Natural Bone Repair & Fracture Characteristics

Assessment

  1. Practice: Assessment case study – DIAGNOSIS? (Elaborate & Evaluate)

  2. Assessment: Case Study – DIAGNOSIS? (Elaborate & Evaluate)

8-9. Agenda

  1. Do Now - Angular & Linear Motion Activities (Engage)

  2. Gallery Walk - Hard or Fast Biter? (Explore)

  3. Jeopardy! Card Match - Review Lever Terminology (Engage)

  4. Engineering Challenge: Build-A-Bicep (Elaborate)

    1. Design Approval & Prototyping

    2. Optional activity: Moveable Joints Charades

    3. Mini-Lab: Musculoskeletal Biomechanics & Levers (Explore)

    4. Reading:  What Levers Does Your Body Use?

    5. Class Calculation: Mechanics of Muscle Motion

    6. Testing, Revising, and Marketing Video for Invention

  5. Exit Ticket - Speed v. Force Advantage (Evaluate)


10-18. Final Project: Prosthetics Engineering

10-18. Agenda

  1. Do Now - Activities, Places, Risks for K-12 children

  2. Introduction to Design Engineering - Afghanistan, Land Mines, Mine Kafon

    1. What do these devices resemble? What do they look like? Has anyone had experience with these?

    2. What do we know about the children and culture in Afghanistan?

    3. Videos: Mine Kafon & Mine Kafon 2.0 (Invention, Iteration, & Entrepreneurship)

  3. Mini-Practice: Design Engineering Your Morning Routine

    1. Step: Interview Partner - Connect to the Client (Develop Empathy)

    2. Step: Confirmatory Listening - “I hear you saying…” (Define the Problem)

    3. Step: Prototype - Use recyclables to build a model of something that improves your peer’s morning

    4. Step: Present & Explain

  4. Prosthetics Handbook

    1. Team Jobs & Agreements

    2. Research - Fact Pages

    3. Lecture: History of Prostheses

    4. Review: Design Engineering Process

      1. Mini-Engineering Challenge: Notecard Tower

      2. Mini-Bioengineering Challenge: Prosthetic Hand

    5. Disability Awareness

    6. Ideas & Prototype Designs

    7. Materials List

    8. 2 Ideate prototype designs with Pros & Cons

    9. Iterate: Present to another group for feedback, propose second draft design

    10. Create marketing plan and poster

    11. Rehearse presentations

  5. Design Showcase for Inventions

    1. What makes a good showcase?

    2. Feedback and Reflection Forms

Sources

Activity: Science Identity Lab Coats

Activity Sequence

Note: mix into preexisting agenda; not intended to be its own lesson

Click for folding directions

  • Class 1: Discuss questions, brainstorm keywords, pre-write sentence frames

  • Class 2: Draft 3-5 sentences to each question, proofread a peer’s for feedback.

  • Class 3: Fold lab coat & decorate! Use art supplies, magazine cutouts, & typography/graffiti to illustrate the theme or copy the answer. Each question is labeled with the part of the lab coat.

  • Class 4 (or 5): Present lab coats. (Options: Explain/summarize/1detail (1) own coat, (2) a peer’s lab coat)

Assessment: Depending on what you want to target, you could assess any of these, from the worksheets to the spoken explanations. Also a great opportunity early in the year to see who gets to use scissors without supervision.

Other features: (1) Habituates students to explaining their metacognitive thinking about science in society, (2) encourages different forms of expression & understanding, (3) introduces idea of modeling as a proxy for understanding. Fun way for the class to get to know each other! (I had the students write their names on the collar or lapel.)

Student Work Examples

Do Now (4x): Science of Adolescent Sleep (Silent Sustained Reading)

Students asking for a quiet week? Start class with a 5-minute reading task that follows up with a few reading comprehension and discussion questions. My students reported it was helpful for their understanding of sleep and neuroscience. We used this for my physiology class to link homeostasis (or endocrinology) with neuroscience.

Goal: Investigate how sleep deficit affects the structure and function of the human body

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12 Graphic Organizer Layouts for Science

Introducing one layout at a time helps students master and build a toolset of ways to analyze, summarize, and explain their ideas. Here are 12 of my favorite graphic organizers/strategies as I know them, with sample titles and categories.

KWL Handouts for sets where {all numbers are different} or {major trends or groups exist}. Ss respond with post-it notes, padlet comments, or discussion boards. 1. T explains aim is to surface different explanations. 2. T displays reductionist statement. 3. Ss respond by: move to places in room (Agree/Disagree) or group with teacher for clarity/reminder of what concept means.

Lesson (3x): Cellular Respiration set

Includes

  • Do Nows (3 questions each) for each lesson

  • Gallery walk of average family’s weekly meal around the world

  • 1 full lab investigation w/ procedure, data charts, & questions

  • 1 extension lab investigation

  • Organizes cellular respiration by input & output

Time: 3 lessons (~70 min each)
Goals: NGSS HS LS 1-7
Essential question: What happens when humans get tired?

 

Lesson 1: Sugar

Lesson Question: How do humans get energy from food?

Lesson 2: CO2 output

Lesson Question: Does your body produce more/less CO2 when you exercise?

Lesson 3: O2 input

Lesson question: How does O2 affect your cell's energy?

Assessments

  • Do Nows, 2 lab investigations with analysis questions, note-taking

  • Next iteration will add a rubric and more scaffolded examples of a nutritional plan

Sources

  • Created whilst at the Exploratorium’s Summer 2018 Teacher Institute, using their generous support and resources

  • Hungry Planet: What the World Eats by Peter Menzel

  • coaches at the Exploratorium Summer Teacher Institute (Daisy, Devin, & Katie)